Less known to the public are Kotlin and Swift - the languages that came into use with the rise of mobile development. Almost everyone has heard about HTML and CSS, the technologies behind the bright web browsing experience.

Web and mobile development triggered the creation of even more languages. Some were developed for each platform (like C for Unix or Basic for Windows), while some were made for certain specific tasks (e.g., SQL for database management). The OOP approach gave rise to even more languages appearing. One of the ideas is that the coiner of the term, Alan Kay, was inspired by the structure of biological cells while inventing some of the first OOP languages. Ten years after Fortran, what we now know as object-oriented programming (OOP) came into existence. It would become a base for dozens of other programming languages between 19. Fortran allowed a certain level of abstraction and portability, which opened new opportunities for engineers. The turning point for the IT industry was the appearance of Fortran - the first high-level programming language, which was commercially released in 1957. These were considered low-level programming languages and were only able to run on the specific computer architecture or operating system they were initially created for. So gradually various assembly languages appeared. But it was hard for humans to understand that type of coding. This plethora started with the machine language, which was merely a series of numbers directly telling the computer what to do. The total number of existing programming languages is estimated from 250 to about 700.

Programming language list 2016